An unpleasant smell is added to some brands in order to deter abusers. Use of correction fluid as an inhalant can cause the heart to beat rapidly and irregularly, which can cause death. Such solvents are common inhalants for adolescents due, in part, to the fact that they are inexpensive in comparison to other recreational drugs. Organic solvents are psychoactive when sufficient amounts are inhaled. However, those have the disadvantages of a longer drying time, and incompatibility with some inks (which will soak through them). To avoid the inconveniences of organic solvents (safety and availability), some brands of fluid are water-based. Therefore, some manufacturers also sell bottles of solvent as "thinner", a few drops of which will return the correction fluid to its original liquid state. It can become too thick to use, and sometimes completely solidifies. Because it contains organic solvents ( volatile organic compounds), unused correction fluid thickens over time as volatile solvents escape into the air. Thinners currently used with correction fluid include bromopropane. Later, it contained 1,1,1-trichloroethane, a skin irritant now widely banned under the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, and then the slightly safer trichloroethylene. Thinner originally contained toluene, which was banned due to its toxicity. The opacifying agent can be composed of a mixture of titanium dioxide, latex, and other polymer resins. The exact composition of correction fluid varies between manufacturers, but most fluids are composed of an opacifying agent, a solvent (or thinner) and an adulterant 'fragrance' to discourage abuse. Correction fluid was applied on a glass base (visible in the bottom-right corner of all SEM images). The micro-structural details of the copolymer resin are visible under high magnifications. With the advent of colored paper stocks for office use, manufacturers began producing their fluids in various matching colors, particularly reds, blues and yellows.Ĭomposition Correction fluid copolymer visualized under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One of the first forms of correction fluid was invented in 1956 by American secretary Bette Nesmith Graham, founder of Liquid Paper. The brush applies the fluid to the paper.īefore the invention of word processors, correction fluid greatly facilitated the production of typewritten documents. It is typically packaged in small bottles, with lids attached to brushes (or triangular pieces of foam) that dip into the fluid. Once dried, it can be handwritten or typed upon. A correction fluid is an opaque, usually white fluid applied to paper to mask errors in text.
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